The retina is composed of two types of photoreceptor cells. When light falls on one of these cells, it causes a chemical reaction that sends an electrical signal to the brain. |
The fact that cone cells are located in the center of the retina and the rods surround the cones and are located in our peripheral vision is the reason we need to rely on off-center viewing when trying to discern objects at night. Try this: go outside one clear night, wait long enough to allow your eyes to adapt to the darkness and then look up. If you gaze directly at a star or a planet or any other small point of light, your cones will not register the object, But, if you move your gaze slowly away from that light source, your rods will allow your eyes to discern that object. It is a startling phenomenon; one moment the object is not there, the next moment it magically appears! |
When scanning for other aircraft at night, slow, deliberate scanning is how we see and avoid other aircraft. |
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