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The good folks who are responsible for airport design and layout first need to determine the alignment of the runway using tools similar to a magnetic compass (in reality, something more like surveying equipment is probably used). They then indicate the magnetic alignment of the runway by painting big numbers on the ends of the runway. |
Therefore, when the pilot is entering the airport environment, knowing the magnetic layout of the runway helps to keep the pilot oriented in the pattern and to make an accurate decision regarding wind speed, direction and the effect of that wind on the aircraft during the approach and landing. |
One very interesting fact regarding the runway numbers: the magnetic alignment of the runway is not permanent! The earth's magnetic field changes over time requiring that runway alignment be re-measured periodically. This is the reason why runway 4 has become runway 5 at that airport you haven't visited in a few years! |
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